Survey Results

Politics: socialism or capitalism?

Population

AOS

Region

for

Exclude answers beyond respondent's first 50

Include skip/insufficiently familiar answers

1094 respondents

What the percentages mean: "Accept or lean toward P: 50% (40%)" means that 50% of respondents endorsed this answer inclusively (including multiple-answer endorsements) and 40% endorsed this answer exclusively (excluding multiple-answer endorsements).

These results should not be used for comparison to 2009 results due to different populations and parameters. For meaningful longitudinal comparisons, see the longitudinal analysis section.

Collapse accept and lean towards

Accept or lean towards:
capitalism

29.52% (26.14%)

Reject or lean against:
capitalism

1.65% (0.00%)

Accept or lean towards:
socialism

53.02% (48.63%)

Reject or lean against:
socialism

1.10% (0.00%)

Accept a combination of views

5.94%

Accept an alternative view

5.48%

The question is too unclear to answer

7.95%

There is no fact of the matter

0.46%

Agnostic/undecided

4.48%

Other

0.91%

N = 1094, excluding skipped & insufficiently familiar (54 respondents)

Alternative Views

101 target respondents indicated that they accept or lean toward an alternative view. The words used in their responses cluster as follows. These results are not filtered by AOS, region, etc.

DEMO (22): democracy (15) democratic (6) democrat (1)
MARK (11): market (8) markets (3)
ECON (11): economy (10) economic (1)
MIXE (11): mixed (11)
ANAR (8): anarchism (5) anarcho-communism (1) anarcho (1) anarchist (1)
DIST (8): distributism (3) distributivism (2) distribution (2) distributive (1)
SYST (7): systems (4) system (3)
REAS (6): reason (6)
CALL (6): call (6)
STAT (6): state (6)
WELF (6): welfare (6)
BOTH (5): both (5)
COMM (5): communitarianism (2) communism (2) communities (1)
PROP (4): property-owning (3) property (1)
CONS (4): constrained (3) constraints (1)
THES (3): these (3)
ELEM (3): elements (3)
LIBE (3): libertarianism (1) liberal (1) liberalism (1)
COMB (3): combined (2) combination (1)

Longitudinal comparison to 2009 survey

This question was not in the 2009 survey

Strongest correlations with main questions (target population)

r: 0.48	Political philosophy: libertarianism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	106	138
Reject	25	451

n: 720

p < 0.0001

r: 0.38	Gender categories: preserve
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	96	133
Reject	56	389

n: 674

p < 0.0001

r: 0.37	Race: biological
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	110	170
Reject	58	470

n: 808

p < 0.0001

r: 0.32	Capital punishment: permissible
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	88	185
Reject	61	450

n: 784

p < 0.0001

r: -0.32	Gender: social
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	140	127
Reject	416	110

n: 793

p < 0.0001

r: 0.32	Gender: biological
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	139	130
Reject	127	394

n: 790

p < 0.0001

r: -0.32	Abortion: permissible
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	197	80
Reject	466	47

n: 790

p < 0.0001

r: 0.28	Cosmological fine-tuning: design
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	73	157
Reject	36	298

n: 564

p < 0.0001

r: -0.28	Political philosophy: egalitarianism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	85	159
Reject	281	198

n: 723

p < 0.0001

r: -0.26	Race: social
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	151	128
Reject	415	115

n: 809

p < 0.0001

r: -0.26	Gender categories: revise
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	88	142
Reject	267	179

n: 676

p < 0.0001

r: 0.25	Eating animals and animal products: omnivorism (yes and yes)
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	200	111
Reject	243	316

n: 870

p < 0.0001

r: 0.24	Immortality: yes
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	180	96
Reject	201	289

n: 766

p < 0.0001

r: -0.22	Eating animals and animal products: vegetarianism (no and yes)
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	52	259
Reject	192	369

n: 872

p < 0.0001

r: 0.22	Race categories: preserve
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	28	184
Reject	24	393

n: 629

p < 0.0001

r: 0.21	Environmental ethics: anthropocentric
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	121	106
Reject	144	258

n: 629

p < 0.0001

r: 0.21	Consciousness: dualism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	89	153
Reject	81	340

n: 663

p < 0.0001

r: -0.21	Other minds: plants
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	8	261
Reject	47	445

n: 761

p < 0.0001

r: -0.2	Values in science: necessarily value-laden
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	81	159
Reject	227	220

n: 687

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	God: theism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	95	216
Reject	89	483

n: 883

p < 0.0001

r: -0.2	Truth: epistemic
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	13	273
Reject	71	427

n: 784

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	True contradictions: impossible
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	212	39
Reject	287	108

n: 646

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Logic: classical
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	196	60
Reject	235	171

n: 662

p < 0.0001

r: -0.18	True contradictions: actual
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	18	233
Reject	65	330

n: 646

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Values in science: necessarily value-free
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	57	183
Reject	69	378

n: 687

p < 0.0001

r: -0.17	Metaphilosophy: naturalism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	128	138
Reject	287	180

n: 733

p < 0.0001

r: -0.17	Cosmological fine-tuning: brute fact
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	63	167
Reject	127	206

n: 563

p < 0.0001

r: -0.17	Kant: one world
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	71	97
Reject	155	135

n: 458

p: 0.0003

r: 0.16	Truth: correspondence
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	193	93
Reject	268	232

n: 786

p < 0.0001

r: 0.16	Analytic-synthetic distinction: yes
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	224	79
Reject	349	205

n: 857

p < 0.0001

r: 0.16	Free will: libertarianism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	89	223
Reject	88	460

n: 860

p < 0.0001

r: -0.16	Morality: constructivism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	47	215
Reject	112	331

n: 705

p < 0.0001

r: -0.15	Other minds: current AI systems
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	7	262
Reject	21	471

n: 761

p < 0.0001

r: 0.15	Method in history of philosophy: analytic/rational reconstruction
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	171	59
Reject	249	150

n: 629

p < 0.0001

r: -0.15	Gender categories: eliminate
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	28	202
Reject	100	346

n: 676

p < 0.0001

r: -0.15	Other minds: worms
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	54	215
Reject	132	360

n: 761

p < 0.0001

r: -0.14	Cosmological fine-tuning: multiverse
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	30	201
Reject	66	268

n: 565

p: 0.0006

r: 0.14	Philosophical methods: intuition-based philosophy
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	185	122
Reject	284	288

n: 879

p < 0.0001

r: 0.14	Hard problem of consciousness: yes
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	189	73
Reject	263	177

n: 702

p: 0.0002

r: 0.14	Philosophical methods: formal philosophy
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	212	95
Reject	326	246

n: 879

p < 0.0001

r: -0.14	Mind: physicalism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	150	156
Reject	336	201

n: 843

p < 0.0001

r: 0.14	Concepts: nativism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	79	112
Reject	109	250

n: 550

p: 0.0015

r: 0.13	Foundations of mathematics: set-theoretic
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	35	110
Reject	34	223

n: 402

p: 0.0078

r: 0.13	Meaning of life: objective
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	137	144
Reject	156	304

n: 741

p: 0.0003

r: 0.13	Semantic content: minimalism (no more than a few)
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	22	155
Reject	33	328

n: 538

p: 0.0028

r: 0.13	Justification: nonreliabilist foundationalism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	82	143
Reject	100	282

n: 607

p: 0.0017

r: 0.13	Metaontology: heavyweight realism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	86	75
Reject	121	191

n: 473

p: 0.0059

r: -0.13	Free will: compatibilism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	180	133
Reject	369	181

n: 863

p: 0.0002

r: -0.12	Response to external-world skepticism: pragmatic
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	40	197
Reject	109	286

n: 632

p: 0.0017

r: -0.12	Philosophical progress: none
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	7	309
Reject	29	531

n: 876

p: 0.0003

r: -0.12	Other minds: flies
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	83	186
Reject	182	310

n: 761

p: 0.0009

r: 0.12	Propositional attitudes: phenomenal
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	20	172
Reject	17	342

n: 551

p: 0.0048

r: -0.11	Eating animals and animal products: veganism (no and no)
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	50	261
Reject	133	426

n: 870

p: 0.0012

r: -0.11	Personal identity: psychological view
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	122	137
Reject	246	213

n: 718

p: 0.0032

r: 0.11	Knowledge claims: invariantism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	89	156
Reject	130	361

n: 736

p: 0.0035

r: -0.1	Philosophical knowledge: none
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	5	263
Reject	21	452

n: 741

p: 0.0043

r: -0.1	Political philosophy: communitarianism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	55	189
Reject	158	320

n: 722

p: 0.005

r: 0.1	Values in science: can be either
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	89	151
Reject	143	305

n: 688

p: 0.0067

r: 0.1	Theory of reference: descriptive
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	61	142
Reject	84	287

n: 574

p: 0.0141

r: -0.1	Consciousness: identity theory
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	30	212
Reject	72	349

n: 663

p: 0.0092

r: -0.1	Extended mind: yes
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	114	112
Reject	258	167

n: 651

p: 0.0107

r: -0.1	Meaning of life: subjective
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	93	187
Reject	186	275

n: 741

p: 0.0072

r: 0.1	A priori knowledge: yes
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	258	56
Reject	425	133

n: 872

p: 0.0036

r: -0.1	Semantic content: radical contextualism (most or all)
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	35	142
Reject	115	246

n: 538

p: 0.0224

r: 0.1	Morality: non-naturalism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	85	175
Reject	108	335

n: 703

p: 0.0094

r: 0.1	Ought implies can: yes
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	198	75
Reject	307	182

n: 762

p: 0.0077

r: 0.1	Arguments for theism: design
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	67	182
Reject	68	319

n: 636

p: 0.0162

r: -0.09	Knowledge: empiricism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	136	123
Reject	270	189

n: 718

p: 0.0117

r: -0.09	Chinese room: understands
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	43	209
Reject	101	335

n: 688

p: 0.0148

r: -0.09	Consciousness: functionalism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	83	159
Reject	171	252

n: 665

p: 0.0175

r: -0.09	Temporal ontology: growing block
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	25	167
Reject	71	243

n: 506

p: 0.0383

r: -0.09	Justification: coherentism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	50	176
Reject	111	273

n: 610

p: 0.0232

r: -0.09	Laws of nature: Humean
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	78	204
Reject	178	327

n: 787

p: 0.011

r: -0.09	Practical reason: Kantian
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	38	169
Reject	84	306

n: 597

p: 0.0277

r: -0.09	Possible worlds: concrete
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	13	260
Reject	28	432

n: 733

p: 0.0147

r: 0.09	Arguments for theism: cosmological
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	82	167
Reject	86	302

n: 637

p: 0.0234

r: 0.09	Moral judgment: cognitivism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	232	66
Reject	385	144

n: 827

p: 0.0107

r: -0.09	Other minds: future AI systems
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	100	169
Reject	216	276

n: 761

p: 0.0163

r: 0.09	Mental content: internalism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	91	160
Reject	135	349

n: 735

p: 0.0211

r: 0.08	Aesthetic value: objective
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	160	125
Reject	255	265

n: 805

p: 0.0174

r: 0.08	Abstract objects: Platonism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	141	135
Reject	203	289

n: 768

p: 0.0224

r: -0.08	Knowledge claims: contextualism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	124	122
Reject	296	196

n: 738

p: 0.0256

r: -0.08	Aim of philosophy: goodness/justice
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	57	222
Reject	148	389

n: 816

p: 0.0189

r: -0.08	Experience machine: yes
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	38	254
Reject	82	443

n: 817

p: 0.0192

r: -0.08	True contradictions: possible but non-actual
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	10	241
Reject	20	375

n: 646

p: 0.0383

r: -0.08	Analysis of knowledge: no analysis
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	70	193
Reject	173	275

n: 711

p: 0.0299

r: -0.08	Truth: deflationary
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	77	209
Reject	141	358

n: 785

p: 0.0231

r: -0.08	Teletransporter: survival
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	101	166
Reject	192	260

n: 719

p: 0.0326

r: -0.08	External world: idealism
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	14	295
Reject	45	516

n: 870

p: 0.0215

r: -0.08	Meaning of life: nonexistent
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	54	223
Reject	119	340

n: 736

p: 0.0357

r: -0.08	Vagueness: metaphysical
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	46	208
Reject	103	371

n: 728

p: 0.0382

r: 0.08	Zombies: metaphysically possible
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	85	186
Reject	135	367

n: 773

p: 0.033

r: 0.07	Philosophical methods: conceptual analysis
Politics: capitalism	Accept	Reject
Accept	237	70
Reject	424	148

n: 879

p: 0.0457

Strongest correlations with demographic questions (target population)

r: 0.2	AOS: Philosophy of Religion
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	53	265
Reject	30	565

n: 913

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Gender: male
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	285	24
Reject	443	144

n: 896

p < 0.0001

r: -0.19	Gender: female
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	24	285
Reject	141	446

n: 896

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Tradition: Analytic
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	294	21
Reject	486	99

n: 900

p < 0.0001

r: 0.16	Philosopher: Aquinas
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	24	231
Reject	12	459

n: 726

p < 0.0001

r: 0.15	AOS: Decision Theory
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	19	299
Reject	6	589

n: 913

p < 0.0001

r: 0.13	Region of nationality: United States
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	181	110
Reject	284	285

n: 860

p < 0.0001

r: 0.12	Philosopher: Hobbes
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	8	247
Reject	2	469

n: 726

p: 0.0009

r: 0.12	Region of affiliation: United States
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	209	111
Reject	318	279

n: 917

p: 0.0003

r: -0.11	AOS: Feminist Philosophy
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	6	312
Reject	40	555

n: 913

p: 0.0007

r: 0.11	Philosopher: Locke
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	12	243
Reject	7	464

n: 726

p: 0.0027

r: -0.11	AOS: 20th Century Philosophy
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	14	304
Reject	52	543

n: 913

p: 0.0012

r: -0.11	Tradition: Other tradition
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	17	298
Reject	62	523

n: 900

p: 0.0015

r: 0.1	AOS: Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	18	300
Reject	12	583

n: 913

p: 0.0023

r: 0.1	Philosopher: Leibniz
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	13	242
Reject	11	460

n: 726

p: 0.0074

r: -0.09	Region of nationality: Canada
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	12	279
Reject	55	514

n: 860

p: 0.0057

r: 0.09	Region of PhD: United States
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	180	66
Reject	291	156

n: 693

p: 0.0204

r: -0.09	Philosopher: Wittgenstein
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	15	240
Reject	59	412

n: 726

p: 0.0196

r: -0.09	Region of affiliation: Canada
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	10	310
Reject	43	554

n: 917

p: 0.0089

r: -0.09	Region of nationality: Oceania
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	9	282
Reject	37	532

n: 860

p: 0.0115

r: -0.09	Region of affiliation: Oceania
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	9	311
Reject	41	556

n: 917

p: 0.0092

r: -0.08	AOS: 19th Century Philosophy
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	8	310
Reject	33	562

n: 913

p: 0.0102

r: 0.08	Philosopher: Berkeley
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	5	250
Reject	3	468

n: 726

p: 0.0234

r: 0.08	Philosopher: Reid
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	7	248
Reject	9	462

n: 726

p: 0.0299

r: 0.08	Philosopher: Mill
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	20	235
Reject	22	449

n: 726

p: 0.0385

r: -0.08	Region of PhD: United Kingdom
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	21	225
Reject	62	385

n: 693

p: 0.0433

r: -0.07	AOS: Philosophy of Cognitive Science
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	22	296
Reject	62	533

n: 913

p: 0.0287

r: 0.07	AOS: Philosophy of Computing and Information
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	9	309
Reject	7	588

n: 913

p: 0.0329

r: 0.07	AOS: Normative Ethics
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	80	238
Reject	114	481

n: 913

p: 0.0432

r: 0.07	Region of affiliation: Asia
Politics: capitalism	Yes	No
Accept	15	305
Reject	14	583

n: 917

p: 0.0468