Survey Results

Interlevel metaphysics (which is the most useful?): supervenience, realization, identity, or grounding?

Population

AOS

Region

for

Exclude answers beyond respondent's first 50

Include skip/insufficiently familiar answers

748 respondents

What the percentages mean: "Accept or lean toward P: 50% (40%)" means that 50% of respondents endorsed this answer inclusively (including multiple-answer endorsements) and 40% endorsed this answer exclusively (excluding multiple-answer endorsements).

These results should not be used for comparison to 2009 results due to different populations and parameters. For meaningful longitudinal comparisons, see the longitudinal analysis section.

Collapse accept and lean towards

Accept or lean towards:
grounding

29.14% (22.33%)

Reject or lean against:
grounding

2.14% (0.00%)

Accept or lean towards:
identity

11.50% (6.82%)

Reject or lean against:
identity

3.07% (0.00%)

Accept or lean towards:
realization

20.99% (14.17%)

Reject or lean against:
realization

1.20% (0.00%)

Accept or lean towards:
supervenience

24.73% (18.45%)

Reject or lean against:
supervenience

2.41% (0.00%)

Accept a combination of views

9.89%

Accept an alternative view

3.34%

The question is too unclear to answer

6.28%

There is no fact of the matter

4.41%

Agnostic/undecided

13.90%

Other

0.40%

N = 748, excluding skipped & insufficiently familiar (380 respondents)

Most popular option combinations

Options	Number of responses	% of responses
Accept or lean towards: grounding Accept or lean towards: identity Accept or lean towards: realization Accept or lean towards: supervenience	15	2.01%
Accept or lean towards: grounding Accept or lean towards: realization Accept or lean towards: supervenience	10	1.34%
Accept or lean towards: grounding Accept or lean towards: realization	8	1.07%
Accept or lean towards: identity Accept or lean towards: realization Accept or lean towards: supervenience	6	0.80%
Accept or lean towards: grounding Accept or lean towards: identity Accept or lean towards: realization	5	0.67%

Alternative Views

36 target respondents indicated that they accept or lean toward an alternative view. The words used in their responses cluster as follows. These results are not filtered by AOS, region, etc.

LEVE (5): levels (5)
NONE (5): none (5)
EMER (4): emergence (3) emergentism (1)
DEPE (3): depends (1) depending (1) dependence (1)
EPIS (2): epistemically (1) epistemological (1)

Longitudinal comparison to 2009 survey

This question was not in the 2009 survey

Strongest correlations with main questions (target population)

r: 0.3	Cosmological fine-tuning: design
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	54	99
Reject	35	253

n: 441

p < 0.0001

r: 0.3	Consciousness: dualism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	74	100
Reject	63	268

n: 505

p < 0.0001

r: 0.25	Hard problem of consciousness: yes
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	147	39
Reject	202	148

n: 536

p < 0.0001

r: 0.24	Meaning of life: objective
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	107	78
Reject	113	225

n: 523

p < 0.0001

r: 0.24	Justification: nonreliabilist foundationalism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	73	90
Reject	72	227

n: 462

p < 0.0001

r: 0.23	Propositions: structured entities
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	102	64
Reject	110	185

n: 461

p < 0.0001

r: 0.23	Morality: non-naturalism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	81	103
Reject	68	260

n: 512

p < 0.0001

r: -0.22	Metaphilosophy: naturalism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	76	97
Reject	230	126

n: 529

p < 0.0001

r: 0.21	Aesthetic value: objective
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	128	73
Reject	167	201

n: 569

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	Causation: primitive
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	50	116
Reject	62	269

n: 497

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	God: theism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	68	139
Reject	69	331

n: 607

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	A priori knowledge: yes
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	186	23
Reject	298	100

n: 607

p < 0.0001

r: -0.2	Mind: physicalism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	92	113
Reject	255	132

n: 592

p < 0.0001

r: -0.2	Metaontology: heavyweight realism
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	46	63
Reject	155	153

n: 417

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	Arguments for theism: cosmological
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	64	107
Reject	59	228

n: 458

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	Response to external-world skepticism: dogmatist
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	42	136
Reject	36	270

n: 484

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Meta-ethics: moral realism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	166	41
Reject	263	128

n: 598

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Moral judgment: cognitivism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	177	28
Reject	271	110

n: 586

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Philosophical methods: intuition-based philosophy
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	139	67
Reject	196	202

n: 604

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Personal identity: further-fact view
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	53	137
Reject	50	269

n: 509

p < 0.0001

r: -0.19	Propositions: nonexistent
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	12	153
Reject	56	238

n: 459

p < 0.0001

r: -0.19	Laws of nature: Humean
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	40	163
Reject	132	246

n: 581

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Properties: immanent universals
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	38	72
Reject	69	266

n: 445

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Analytic-synthetic distinction: yes
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	165	47
Reject	251	144

n: 607

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Well-being: objective list
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	107	52
Reject	155	146

n: 460

p < 0.0001

r: -0.18	Knowledge: empiricism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	67	98
Reject	202	129

n: 496

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Metaontology: deflationary realism
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	42	67
Reject	81	226

n: 416

p: 0.0002

r: 0.18	Immortality: yes
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	111	79
Reject	154	196

n: 540

p < 0.0001

r: -0.17	Sleeping beauty: one-third
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	20	44
Reject	61	113

n: 238

p: 0.0074

r: 0.17	Zombies: inconceivable
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	44	90
Reject	57	369

n: 560

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Properties: transcendent universals
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	51	108
Reject	50	238

n: 447

p: 0.0004

r: 0.17	Metaontology: heavyweight realism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	98	63
Reject	105	154

n: 420

p: 0.0006

r: 0.17	Well-being: desire satisfaction
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	37	75
Reject	65	281

n: 458

p: 0.0003

r: -0.16	Morality: expressivism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	11	174
Reject	48	281

n: 514

p: 0.0002

r: 0.16	Propositions: sets
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Accept	Reject
Accept	22	108
Reject	26	303

n: 459

p: 0.0005

r: 0.16	Aesthetic experience: pleasure
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Accept	Reject
Accept	26	83
Reject	31	200

n: 340

p: 0.0035

r: -0.16	Possible worlds: nonexistent
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	41	149
Reject	121	231

n: 542

p: 0.0002

r: 0.16	Philosophical methods: empirical philosophy
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	110	36
Reject	281	175

n: 602

p < 0.0001

r: 0.16	Gender categories: revise
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	82	39
Reject	180	182

n: 483

p: 0.0006

r: 0.15	Abstract objects: Platonism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	121	79
Reject	151	210

n: 561

p: 0.0002

r: -0.15	Semantic content: radical contextualism (most or all)
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Accept	Reject
Accept	21	103
Reject	79	232

n: 435

p: 0.0014

r: 0.15	Meaning of life: subjective
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	61	64
Reject	130	269

n: 524

p: 0.0004

r: 0.15	Propositions: nonexistent
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	25	89
Reject	42	301

n: 457

p: 0.0013

r: -0.15	Material composition: restrictivism
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Accept	Reject
Accept	20	38
Reject	122	163

n: 343

p: 0.0054

r: 0.15	Possible worlds: abstract
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	134	56
Reject	200	151

n: 541

p: 0.0005

r: 0.15	Foundations of mathematics: set-theoretic
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Accept	Reject
Accept	13	41
Reject	47	241

n: 342

p: 0.0065

r: 0.15	Ought implies can: yes
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	97	33
Reject	264	136

n: 530

p: 0.0008

r: 0.14	Quantum mechanics: epistemic
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	12	95
Reject	27	188

n: 322

p: 0.0097

r: 0.14	Wittgenstein: early
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Accept	Reject
Accept	31	32
Reject	118	299

n: 480

p: 0.0017

r: -0.14	Meaning of life: nonexistent
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	27	154
Reject	87	250

n: 518

p: 0.0011

r: -0.14	Abortion: permissible
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	146	44
Reject	316	51

n: 557

p: 0.0008

r: -0.14	Causation: counterfactual/difference-making
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	56	116
Reject	143	188

n: 503

p: 0.0016

r: 0.14	Response to external-world skepticism: epistemic externalist
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Accept	Reject
Accept	21	49
Reject	86	323

n: 479

p: 0.0021

r: 0.14	Material composition: restrictivism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	72	70
Reject	73	132

n: 347

p: 0.0092

r: -0.14	Material composition: restrictivism
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Accept	Reject
Accept	35	61
Reject	109	141

n: 346

p: 0.0096

r: 0.14	Consciousness: functionalism
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	59	67
Reject	130	246

n: 502

p: 0.0019

r: 0.14	Gender categories: eliminate
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Accept	Reject
Accept	30	112
Reject	43	299

n: 484

p: 0.0023

r: -0.14	Practical reason: Humean
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	35	112
Reject	108	173

n: 428

p: 0.0043

r: 0.14	Properties: classes
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Accept	Reject
Accept	25	103
Reject	25	292

n: 445

p: 0.0037

r: 0.14	Grounds of intentionality: primitive
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	27	111
Reject	33	254

n: 425

p: 0.0047

r: 0.14	Consciousness: panpsychism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	20	154
Reject	24	308

n: 506

p: 0.002

r: -0.14	Values in science: necessarily value-free
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	23	107
Reject	85	279

n: 494

p: 0.0023

r: 0.14	Aim of philosophy: happiness
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Accept	Reject
Accept	24	133
Reject	56	343

n: 556

p: 0.0012

r: -0.14	Other minds: future AI systems
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	63	125
Reject	162	197

n: 547

p: 0.0015

r: 0.13	Truth: deflationary
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	55	88
Reject	108	312

n: 563

p: 0.0015

r: 0.13	Morality: expressivism
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	22	102
Reject	38	348

n: 510

p: 0.0026

r: 0.13	Normative ethics: deontology
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	87	113
Reject	110	240

n: 550

p: 0.0021

r: -0.13	Morality: naturalist realism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	53	130
Reject	139	194

n: 516

p: 0.0029

r: -0.13	Hume: skeptic
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	28	86
Reject	127	203

n: 444

p: 0.0058

r: -0.13	Consciousness: functionalism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	47	127
Reject	144	188

n: 506

p: 0.0033

r: -0.13	Normative ethics: consequentialism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	65	135
Reject	147	199

n: 546

p: 0.0024

r: -0.13	Footbridge: push
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	44	161
Reject	113	251

n: 569

p: 0.0022

r: 0.13	Other minds: worms
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	62	126
Reject	75	284

n: 547

p: 0.0028

r: 0.13	Consciousness: identity theory
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Accept	Reject
Accept	26	42
Reject	57	375

n: 500

p: 0.0043

r: 0.13	Belief or credence: neither
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	29	84
Reject	56	260

n: 429

p: 0.0082

r: -0.13	Eating animals and animal products: omnivorism (yes and yes)
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	68	75
Reject	251	199

n: 593

p: 0.0019

r: -0.13	Experience machine: yes
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	20	185
Reject	62	316

n: 583

p: 0.0021

r: 0.13	Theory of reference: descriptive
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Accept	Reject
Accept	43	88
Reject	75	264

n: 470

p: 0.0063

r: -0.13	Continuum hypothesis: determinate
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	27	52
Reject	96	120

n: 295

p: 0.0309

r: 0.13	Propositional attitudes: phenomenal
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	16	137
Reject	14	281

n: 448

p: 0.0079

r: -0.12	Other minds: newborn babies
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Accept	Reject
Accept	133	23
Reject	351	37

n: 544

p: 0.0035

r: 0.12	Properties: immanent universals
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	47	112
Reject	60	228

n: 447

p: 0.0089

r: 0.12	Epistemic justification: internalism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	92	105
Reject	130	245

n: 572

p: 0.0033

r: 0.12	Zombies: metaphysically possible
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	73	127
Reject	97	265

n: 562

p: 0.0037

r: 0.12	Aim of philosophy: happiness
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	24	115
Reject	55	361

n: 555

p: 0.004

r: -0.12	Chinese room: understands
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	28	156
Reject	80	251

n: 515

p: 0.0056

r: 0.12	Theory of reference: deflationary
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	31	88
Reject	48	296

n: 463

p: 0.0088

r: -0.12	Well-being: objective list
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Accept	Reject
Accept	68	62
Reject	193	135

n: 458

p: 0.0095

r: 0.12	Response to external-world skepticism: semantic externalist
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Accept	Reject
Accept	19	116
Reject	30	317

n: 482

p: 0.008

r: 0.12	Grounds of intentionality: inferential
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	21	92
Reject	26	284

n: 423

p: 0.0133

r: 0.12	Normative ethics: consequentialism
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	62	72
Reject	148	261

n: 543

p: 0.0054

r: 0.12	Practical reason: Humean
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	49	61
Reject	94	222

n: 426

p: 0.0139

r: -0.12	Gender categories: preserve
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	23	97
Reject	89	273

n: 482

p: 0.0093

r: -0.12	Well-being: desire satisfaction
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	27	132
Reject	77	226

n: 462

p: 0.0117

r: -0.12	Moral principles: moral generalism
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Accept	Reject
Accept	60	59
Reject	226	144

n: 489

p: 0.0096

r: 0.12	Arguments for theism: design
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	48	122
Reject	63	223

n: 456

p: 0.013

r: 0.12	Vagueness: semantic
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Accept	Reject
Accept	56	26
Reject	271	207

n: 560

p: 0.0059

r: 0.12	Metaphilosophy: naturalism
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Accept	Reject
Accept	49	20
Reject	252	200

n: 521

p: 0.0083

r: -0.12	Human genetic engineering: permissible
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	113	55
Reject	250	86

n: 504

p: 0.0097

r: 0.12	Free will: libertarianism
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Accept	Reject
Accept	55	160
Reject	78	313

n: 606

p: 0.0046

Strongest correlations with demographic questions (target population)

r: 0.21	AOS: Metaphilosophy
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Yes	No
Accept	15	68
Reject	21	515

n: 619

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	AOS: Meta-Ethics
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	51	164
Reject	41	370

n: 626

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Other demographics: YOB
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	127	76
Reject	163	229

n: 595

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Philosopher: Moore
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	17	154
Reject	8	305

n: 484

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Region of PhD: United Kingdom
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Yes	No
Accept	18	50
Reject	46	355

n: 469

p: 0.0003

r: 0.15	Philosopher: Reid
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	10	161
Reject	5	308

n: 484

p: 0.0013

r: -0.14	AOS: General Philosophy of Science
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	17	198
Reject	62	349

n: 626

p: 0.0003

r: -0.14	Region of nationality: United States
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	67	103
Reject	240	186

n: 596

p: 0.0005

r: -0.14	Region of PhD: United States
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Yes	No
Accept	34	34
Reject	280	121

n: 469

p: 0.002

r: 0.14	Philosopher: Leibniz
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	14	157
Reject	6	307

n: 484

p: 0.0018

r: 0.14	AOS: Metaphysics
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	94	121
Reject	107	304

n: 626

p: 0.0004

r: -0.13	Philosopher: Hume
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	21	150
Reject	68	245

n: 484

p: 0.0043

r: 0.13	Region of nationality: Oceania
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Yes	No
Accept	11	70
Reject	23	490

n: 594

p: 0.0022

r: 0.13	AOS: Philosophy of Cognitive Science
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Yes	No
Accept	30	122
Reject	36	434

n: 622

p: 0.0017

r: 0.13	Philosopher: Descartes
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	13	158
Reject	12	301

n: 484

p: 0.0058

r: 0.12	AOS: Philosophy of Religion
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	31	184
Reject	29	382

n: 626

p: 0.0024

r: -0.12	Region of PhD: United States
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	83	59
Reject	233	96

n: 471

p: 0.0087

r: -0.11	Region of nationality: Europe
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	31	176
Reject	95	297

n: 599

p: 0.0055

r: 0.11	AOS: 17th/18th Century Philosophy
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	28	187
Reject	30	381

n: 626

p: 0.0048

r: 0.11	Philosopher: Aquinas
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	15	156
Reject	9	304

n: 484

p: 0.0145

r: -0.11	Philosopher: Kant
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	12	132
Reject	54	284

n: 482

p: 0.0157

r: 0.11	Region of PhD: Europe
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Yes	No
Accept	20	100
Reject	27	324

n: 471

p: 0.0172

r: 0.11	Philosopher: Carnap
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	15	129
Reject	18	320

n: 482

p: 0.018

r: 0.11	Region of nationality: United States
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	119	88
Reject	190	202

n: 599

p: 0.0099

r: 0.11	Region of affiliation: Asia
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Yes	No
Accept	5	80
Reject	14	524

n: 623

p: 0.0087

r: 0.1	Region of affiliation: Europe
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	43	141
Reject	61	382

n: 627

p: 0.0093

r: -0.1	Other demographics: YOB
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	66	102
Reject	221	203

n: 592

p: 0.0157

r: 0.1	AOS: 19th Century Philosophy
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Yes	No
Accept	10	142
Reject	12	458

n: 622

p: 0.0159

r: -0.1	Philosopher: Quine
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	13	158
Reject	41	272

n: 484

p: 0.0342

r: 0.1	Region of PhD: United States
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	123	43
Reject	194	114

n: 474

p: 0.0363

r: 0.1	Region of nationality: Europe
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	47	123
Reject	77	349

n: 596

p: 0.0195

r: 0.1	Philosopher: Frege
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	23	121
Reject	33	305

n: 482

p: 0.0369

r: -0.09	Philosopher: Russell
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Yes	No
Accept	7	110
Reject	33	331

n: 481

p: 0.0443

r: -0.09	Philosopher: Aristotle
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	21	123
Reject	69	269

n: 482

p: 0.0442

r: -0.09	AOS: Philosophy of Cognitive Science
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	15	200
Reject	52	359

n: 626

p: 0.0219

r: 0.09	Philosopher: Plato
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	18	153
Reject	17	296

n: 484

p: 0.0466

r: -0.09	AOS: Philosophy of Biology
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	5	210
Reject	25	386

n: 626

p: 0.0275

r: -0.09	Region of affiliation: United States
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	90	94
Reject	259	184

n: 627

p: 0.0287

r: 0.09	AOS: Metaphysics
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Yes	No
Accept	44	39
Reject	155	381

n: 619

p: 0.03

r: -0.09	Gender: male
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	152	29
Reject	386	55

n: 622

p: 0.0323

r: -0.09	AOS: Philosophy of Religion
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Yes	No
Accept	6	146
Reject	53	417

n: 622

p: 0.0333

r: 0.09	AOS: Applied Ethics
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	19	160
Reject	34	410

n: 623

p: 0.0339

r: 0.08	AOS: Logic and Philosophy of Logic
Interlevel metaphysics: identity	Yes	No
Accept	15	68
Reject	53	483

n: 619

p: 0.0349

r: 0.08	Gender: female
Interlevel metaphysics: supervenience	Yes	No
Accept	28	153
Reject	54	387

n: 622

p: 0.0356

r: 0.08	Region of affiliation: Asia
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Yes	No
Accept	8	148
Reject	11	460

n: 627

p: 0.0358

r: -0.08	AOS: Philosophy of Mind
Interlevel metaphysics: grounding	Yes	No
Accept	47	168
Reject	111	300

n: 626

p: 0.04

r: 0.08	AOS: Metaphilosophy
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Yes	No
Accept	12	140
Reject	24	446

n: 622

p: 0.0427

r: 0.08	AOS: Philosophy of Computing and Information
Interlevel metaphysics: realization	Yes	No
Accept	5	147
Reject	7	463

n: 622

p: 0.0492