Survey Results

Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological, phenomenal, interpretational, inferential, or primitive?

Population

AOS

Region

for

Exclude answers beyond respondent's first 50

Include skip/insufficiently familiar answers

717 respondents

What the percentages mean: "Accept or lean toward P: 50% (40%)" means that 50% of respondents endorsed this answer inclusively (including multiple-answer endorsements) and 40% endorsed this answer exclusively (excluding multiple-answer endorsements).

These results should not be used for comparison to 2009 results due to different populations and parameters. For meaningful longitudinal comparisons, see the longitudinal analysis section.

Collapse accept and lean towards

Accept or lean towards:
causal/teleological

34.73% (29.85%)

Reject or lean against:
causal/teleological

0.98% (0.00%)

Accept or lean towards:
inferential

9.48% (6.69%)

Reject or lean against:
inferential

1.53% (0.00%)

Accept or lean towards:
interpretational

15.06% (12.13%)

Reject or lean against:
interpretational

2.37% (0.00%)

Accept or lean towards:
phenomenal

12.55% (10.04%)

Reject or lean against:
phenomenal

2.65% (0.00%)

Accept or lean towards:
primitive

13.67% (12.41%)

Reject or lean against:
primitive

3.91% (0.00%)

Accept a combination of views

6.56%

Accept an alternative view

1.95%

The question is too unclear to answer

3.63%

There is no fact of the matter

1.26%

Agnostic/undecided

14.64%

Other

0.84%

N = 717, excluding skipped & insufficiently familiar (421 respondents)

Most popular option combinations

Options	Number of responses	% of responses
Accept or lean towards: causal/teleological Accept or lean towards: inferential Accept or lean towards: interpretational	7	0.98%
Accept or lean towards: causal/teleological Accept or lean towards: interpretational	6	0.84%
Accept or lean towards: causal/teleological Accept or lean towards: phenomenal	6	0.84%
Accept or lean towards: causal/teleological Accept or lean towards: inferential	5	0.70%
Accept or lean towards: causal/teleological Accept or lean towards: primitive	4	0.56%

Longitudinal comparison to 2009 survey

This question was not in the 2009 survey

Strongest correlations with main questions (target population)

r: 0.4	Propositional attitudes: phenomenal
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	22	40
Reject	12	394

n: 468

p < 0.0001

r: 0.37	Theory of reference: causal
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	142	43
Reject	118	175

n: 478

p < 0.0001

r: 0.31	Consciousness: dualism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	41	25
Reject	82	359

n: 507

p < 0.0001

r: 0.3	Metaphilosophy: naturalism
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	164	50
Reject	165	169

n: 548

p < 0.0001

r: 0.3	Truth: deflationary
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	47	38
Reject	122	367

n: 574

p < 0.0001

r: 0.3	Morality: naturalist realism
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	98	93
Reject	82	238

n: 511

p < 0.0001

r: 0.29	Perceptual experience: qualia theory
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	30	41
Reject	59	390

n: 520

p < 0.0001

r: -0.27	Metaphilosophy: naturalism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	25	55
Reject	302	167

n: 549

p < 0.0001

r: 0.27	Hard problem of consciousness: yes
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	64	6
Reject	266	195

n: 531

p < 0.0001

r: -0.27	Mind: physicalism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	25	61
Reject	323	182

n: 591

p < 0.0001

r: 0.27	Theory of reference: descriptive
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	34	30
Reject	95	316

n: 475

p < 0.0001

r: 0.26	Mind: physicalism
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	171	61
Reject	179	182

n: 593

p < 0.0001

r: 0.26	Mental content: internalism
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	42	30
Reject	127	372

n: 571

p < 0.0001

r: -0.25	Theory of reference: deflationary
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	16	166
Reject	64	225

n: 471

p < 0.0001

r: 0.25	Epistemic justification: internalism
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	46	33
Reject	173	330

n: 582

p < 0.0001

r: -0.25	Truth: correspondence
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	28	57
Reject	318	173

n: 576

p < 0.0001

r: 0.24	Morality: non-naturalism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	43	35
Reject	105	326

n: 509

p < 0.0001

r: 0.24	Justification: reliabilism
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	95	83
Reject	93	189

n: 460

p < 0.0001

r: 0.24	Truth: correspondence
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	165	64
Reject	183	164

n: 576

p < 0.0001

r: -0.23	Other minds: future AI systems
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	16	63
Reject	224	229

n: 532

p < 0.0001

r: 0.23	Causation: primitive
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	38	40
Reject	69	333

n: 480

p < 0.0001

r: -0.23	Justification: reliabilism
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	10	45
Reject	176	228

n: 459

p < 0.0001

r: 0.22	Zombies: metaphysically possible
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	36	45
Reject	129	360

n: 570

p < 0.0001

r: 0.22	Theory of reference: deflationary
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	29	43
Reject	52	348

n: 472

p < 0.0001

r: -0.21	Mind: physicalism
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	26	55
Reject	321	187

n: 589

p < 0.0001

r: 0.21	Zombies: metaphysically possible
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	37	53
Reject	127	353

n: 570

p < 0.0001

r: 0.21	Metaontology: heavyweight realism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	46	17
Reject	131	203

n: 397

p < 0.0001

r: -0.2	Metaontology: heavyweight realism
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	14	56
Reject	163	166

n: 399

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	Semantic content: radical contextualism (most or all)
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	32	48
Reject	88	289

n: 457

p < 0.0001

r: -0.2	Theory of reference: causal
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	20	44
Reject	237	174

n: 475

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	Free will: libertarianism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	39	53
Reject	91	433

n: 616

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	Justification: nonreliabilist foundationalism
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	28	27
Reject	97	306

n: 458

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	Response to external-world skepticism: epistemic externalist
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	56	127
Reject	57	243

n: 483

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	Propositional attitudes: representational
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	123	64
Reject	138	153

n: 478

p < 0.0001

r: -0.19	Perceptual experience: representationalism
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	26	45
Reject	248	206

n: 525

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Cosmological fine-tuning: design
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	21	42
Reject	53	307

n: 423

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Theory of reference: deflationary
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Accept	Reject
Accept	20	27
Reject	59	363

n: 469

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Quantum mechanics: many-worlds
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	19	30
Reject	54	219

n: 322

p: 0.0006

r: 0.19	Consciousness: dualism
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	30	32
Reject	93	351

n: 506

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Consciousness: panpsychism
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	12	50
Reject	27	417

n: 506

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Zombies: conceivable but not metaphysically possible
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	122	104
Reject	124	224

n: 574

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	External world: non-skeptical realism
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	218	18
Reject	314	63

n: 613

p < 0.0001

r: -0.18	Proper names: Fregean
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	70	123
Reject	156	159

n: 508

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Meaning of life: objective
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	52	28
Reject	160	280

n: 520

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Philosophical methods: empirical philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	185	51
Reject	233	152

n: 621

p < 0.0001

r: -0.18	Theory of reference: descriptive
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	37	148
Reject	92	201

n: 478

p < 0.0001

r: -0.18	Consciousness: dualism
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	28	168
Reject	96	216

n: 508

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Metaontology: anti-realism
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Accept	Reject
Accept	10	30
Reject	39	316

n: 395

p: 0.0003

r: 0.18	Causation: counterfactual/difference-making
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Accept	Reject
Accept	26	24
Reject	158	274

n: 482

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Practical reason: Humean
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	34	36
Reject	116	255

n: 441

p: 0.0002

r: 0.18	Perceptual experience: representationalism
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	135	69
Reject	140	180

n: 524

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Properties: nonexistent
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	13	51
Reject	31	332

n: 427

p: 0.0003

r: -0.17	Metaontology: deflationary realism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	10	53
Reject	119	214

n: 396

p: 0.0006

r: 0.17	Perceptual experience: sense-datum theory
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	7	68
Reject	29	413

n: 517

p < 0.0001

r: -0.17	Knowledge: empiricism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	27	44
Reject	265	165

n: 501

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Justification: coherentism
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Accept	Reject
Accept	16	29
Reject	89	323

n: 457

p: 0.0003

r: -0.17	Truth: deflationary
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	49	179
Reject	119	227

n: 574

p < 0.0001

r: -0.17	Zombies: metaphysically possible
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	44	179
Reject	120	228

n: 571

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Cosmological fine-tuning: multiverse
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	17	51
Reject	58	300

n: 426

p: 0.0005

r: -0.17	Philosophical methods: conceptual analysis
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	153	83
Reject	299	86

n: 621

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Propositional attitudes: dispositional
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	34	38
Reject	129	275

n: 476

p: 0.0002

r: 0.17	Metaontology: anti-realism
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	13	57
Reject	36	291

n: 397

p: 0.0008

r: 0.17	External world: idealism
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	10	83
Reject	33	487

n: 613

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Propositional attitudes: dispositional
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Accept	Reject
Accept	27	23
Reject	136	289

n: 475

p: 0.0003

r: 0.17	Temporal ontology: presentism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	21	37
Reject	61	285

n: 404

p: 0.0008

r: 0.17	Justification: nonreliabilist foundationalism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	31	39
Reject	95	294

n: 459

p: 0.0004

r: 0.17	Laws of nature: Humean
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	53	44
Reject	152	348

n: 597

p < 0.0001

r: -0.17	Consciousness: functionalism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	15	51
Reject	189	252

n: 507

p: 0.0002

r: -0.16	Science: scientific realism
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	68	23
Reject	428	82

n: 601

p < 0.0001

r: 0.16	Morality: constructivism
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	27	48
Reject	77	356

n: 508

p: 0.0002

r: 0.16	Gender: social
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Accept	Reject
Accept	47	10
Reject	329	171

n: 557

p < 0.0001

r: 0.16	Material composition: nihilism
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	6	42
Reject	17	244

n: 309

p: 0.004

r: 0.16	Morality: non-naturalism
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	30	37
Reject	117	325

n: 509

p: 0.0003

r: 0.16	Propositions: simple entities
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	9	60
Reject	25	354

n: 448

p: 0.0007

r: -0.16	Free will: libertarianism
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	34	206
Reject	94	283

n: 617

p < 0.0001

r: 0.16	Epistemic justification: internalism
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Accept	Reject
Accept	33	31
Reject	186	333

n: 583

p < 0.0001

r: -0.16	External world: idealism
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	6	230
Reject	36	341

n: 613

p < 0.0001

r: 0.16	Propositions: simple entities
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	7	47
Reject	27	367

n: 448

p: 0.0008

r: 0.16	Response to external-world skepticism: dogmatist
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	17	53
Reject	54	356

n: 480

p: 0.0006

r: 0.16	Metaontology: anti-realism
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	9	42
Reject	39	304

n: 394

p: 0.0018

r: 0.16	Propositions: acts
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Accept	Reject
Accept	8	34
Reject	36	369

n: 447

p: 0.0009

r: 0.16	Philosophical methods: intuition-based philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	63	23
Reject	261	272

n: 619

p < 0.0001

r: -0.16	Epistemic justification: internalism
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	68	158
Reject	151	208

n: 585

p: 0.0002

r: -0.16	Metaphilosophy: naturalism
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	32	42
Reject	296	177

n: 547

p: 0.0003

r: 0.15	True contradictions: impossible
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	141	35
Reject	217	86

n: 479

p: 0.0007

r: 0.15	Semantic content: minimalism (no more than a few)
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	12	55
Reject	39	348

n: 454

p: 0.001

r: 0.15	Properties: transcendent universals
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	22	44
Reject	69	294

n: 429

p: 0.0014

r: 0.15	Metaontology: deflationary realism
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	35	35
Reject	95	233

n: 398

p: 0.0023

r: 0.15	Abstract objects: Platonism
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	50	35
Reject	213	276

n: 574

p: 0.0003

r: 0.15	Morality: error theory
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	10	65
Reject	22	410

n: 507

p: 0.0006

r: -0.15	Material composition: restrictivism
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	13	35
Reject	124	137

n: 309

p: 0.0078

r: -0.15	Philosophical methods: empirical philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	54	40
Reject	362	164

n: 620

p: 0.0002

r: 0.15	Perceptual experience: sense-datum theory
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Accept	Reject
Accept	7	52
Reject	30	427

n: 516

p: 0.0006

r: 0.15	A priori knowledge: yes
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Accept	Reject
Accept	84	11
Reject	394	133

n: 622

p: 0.0002

r: -0.15	Other minds: newborn babies
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	78	10
Reject	398	49

n: 535

p: 0.0005

r: 0.15	Morality: expressivism
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Accept	Reject
Accept	15	39
Reject	48	407

n: 509

p: 0.0007

r: -0.15	External world: non-skeptical realism
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Accept	Reject
Accept	73	20
Reject	457	63

n: 613

p: 0.0002

r: -0.15	Mental content: internalism
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	53	172
Reject	116	233

n: 574

p: 0.0003

r: 0.15	Propositions: structured entities
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Accept	Reject
Accept	82	90
Reject	107	170

n: 449

p: 0.0016

r: -0.15	Chinese room: understands
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Accept	Reject
Accept	8	62
Reject	100	325

n: 495

p: 0.001

Strongest correlations with demographic questions (target population)

r: -0.18	AOS: Philosophy of Cognitive Science
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Yes	No
Accept	6	89
Reject	88	463

n: 646

p < 0.0001

r: -0.17	Philosopher: Wittgenstein
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	9	177
Reject	42	282

n: 510

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	AOS: Philosophy of Cognitive Science
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	55	192
Reject	37	364

n: 648

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Philosopher: Sellars
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Yes	No
Accept	6	50
Reject	7	445

n: 508

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Philosopher: Davidson
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	14	76
Reject	12	409

n: 511

p: 0.0002

r: 0.16	Philosopher: Descartes
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Yes	No
Accept	11	66
Reject	16	415

n: 508

p: 0.0003

r: 0.16	Philosopher: Peirce
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Yes	No
Accept	5	51
Reject	5	447

n: 508

p: 0.0004

r: 0.15	Philosopher: Augustine
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Yes	No
Accept	6	73
Reject	5	426

n: 510

p: 0.0006

r: 0.15	Tradition: Analytic
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Yes	No
Accept	63	2
Reject	493	77

n: 635

p: 0.0002

r: 0.15	Philosopher: Merleau-Ponty
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Yes	No
Accept	5	72
Reject	4	427

n: 508

p: 0.001

r: 0.15	Philosopher: Heidegger
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	8	82
Reject	6	415

n: 511

p: 0.001

r: 0.14	Tradition: Continental
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	14	84
Reject	17	521

n: 636

p: 0.0003

r: 0.14	AOS: Philosophy of Religion
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Yes	No
Accept	17	78
Reject	36	515

n: 646

p: 0.0003

r: 0.14	Philosopher: Dewey
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Yes	No
Accept	5	51
Reject	6	446

n: 508

p: 0.0023

r: 0.13	AOS: Philosophy of Language
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	40	65
Reject	113	429

n: 647

p: 0.0006

r: 0.13	Philosopher: Husserl
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Yes	No
Accept	6	71
Reject	7	424

n: 508

p: 0.0026

r: 0.13	Philosopher: Heidegger
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Yes	No
Accept	7	70
Reject	8	423

n: 508

p: 0.0034

r: 0.13	Philosopher: Leibniz
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Yes	No
Accept	10	69
Reject	12	419

n: 510

p: 0.0035

r: 0.13	Other demographics: YOB
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Yes	No
Accept	43	41
Reject	232	294

n: 610

p: 0.0015

r: -0.13	Philosopher: Davidson
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	5	181
Reject	20	304

n: 510

p: 0.0039

r: 0.13	AOS: Logic and Philosophy of Logic
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Yes	No
Accept	14	53
Reject	55	524

n: 646

p: 0.0013

r: -0.13	AOS: Continental Philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	6	241
Reject	24	377

n: 648

p: 0.0014

r: -0.12	AOS: Philosophy of Cognitive Science
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Yes	No
Accept	11	78
Reject	83	474

n: 646

p: 0.0015

r: 0.12	Philosopher: Plato
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	17	169
Reject	10	314

n: 510

p: 0.005

r: 0.12	Philosopher: Aristotle
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	48	138
Reject	50	274

n: 510

p: 0.0073

r: -0.11	AOS: Philosophy of Mind
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Yes	No
Accept	27	68
Reject	178	373

n: 646

p: 0.0036

r: -0.11	AOS: Philosophy of Mind
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Yes	No
Accept	21	46
Reject	184	395

n: 646

p: 0.0036

r: 0.11	AOS: Ancient Greek and Roman Philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	20	227
Reject	14	387

n: 648

p: 0.004

r: 0.11	Region of affiliation: United States
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	146	100
Reject	210	193

n: 649

p: 0.0049

r: 0.11	Philosopher: Aquinas
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	17	169
Reject	11	313

n: 510

p: 0.0131

r: 0.11	Region of PhD: United States
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	128	54
Reject	189	108

n: 479

p: 0.0164

r: 0.11	Region of nationality: United States
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Yes	No
Accept	35	31
Reject	277	270

n: 613

p: 0.0077

r: 0.11	Region of nationality: United States
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Yes	No
Accept	47	37
Reject	266	263

n: 613

p: 0.0078

r: -0.11	AOS: Philosophy of Mind
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	33	72
Reject	172	370

n: 647

p: 0.0073

r: 0.1	AOS: Social and Political Philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Yes	No
Accept	10	57
Reject	50	529

n: 646

p: 0.008

r: 0.1	Philosopher: Hegel
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Yes	No
Accept	5	51
Reject	9	443

n: 508

p: 0.0207

r: -0.1	Region of PhD: United Kingdom
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	18	164
Reject	47	250

n: 479

p: 0.028

r: 0.1	Region of PhD: United Kingdom
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Yes	No
Accept	15	51
Reject	50	361

n: 477

p: 0.029

r: -0.1	Philosopher: Aristotle
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	10	80
Reject	88	333

n: 511

p: 0.024

r: -0.1	Region of affiliation: Canada
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	11	235
Reject	30	373

n: 649

p: 0.0123

r: 0.1	AOS: Social and Political Philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Yes	No
Accept	10	79
Reject	51	506

n: 646

p: 0.0126

r: 0.09	AOS: Philosophy of Biology
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	19	228
Reject	12	389

n: 648

p: 0.016

r: -0.09	Philosopher: Hume
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Yes	No
Accept	8	71
Reject	88	343

n: 510

p: 0.0334

r: 0.09	Philosopher: Hume
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	42	144
Reject	54	270

n: 510

p: 0.038

r: 0.09	Region of nationality: United States
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	122	108
Reject	191	194

n: 615

p: 0.0234

r: -0.09	AOS: Social and Political Philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	11	236
Reject	50	351

n: 648

p: 0.0215

r: -0.09	Region of nationality: Europe
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	42	188
Reject	91	294

n: 615

p: 0.0264

r: 0.09	Philosopher: Lewis
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	31	155
Reject	32	292

n: 510

p: 0.0453

r: 0.09	Gender: female
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	23	85
Reject	80	450

n: 638

p: 0.028

r: -0.09	Tradition: Analytic
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	76	22
Reject	481	57

n: 636

p: 0.0285

r: 0.09	AOS: Philosophy of Law
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	6	99
Reject	13	529

n: 647

p: 0.0281

r: 0.08	Region of affiliation: United Kingdom
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	20	86
Reject	60	483

n: 649

p: 0.0342

r: -0.08	AOS: 20th Century Philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	12	235
Reject	35	366

n: 648

p: 0.0352

r: -0.08	Gender: male
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	85	23
Reject	447	83

n: 638

p: 0.0374

r: -0.08	Region of affiliation: Europe
Grounds of intentionality: inferential	Yes	No
Accept	9	58
Reject	102	478

n: 647

p: 0.0365

r: 0.08	AOS: Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Yes	No
Accept	8	87
Reject	15	536

n: 646

p: 0.0394

r: 0.08	AOS: Continental Philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	11	94
Reject	19	523

n: 647

p: 0.0396

r: 0.08	Tradition: Analytic
Grounds of intentionality: causal/teleological	Yes	No
Accept	217	25
Reject	341	54

n: 637

p: 0.0431

r: 0.08	AOS: Continental Philosophy
Grounds of intentionality: phenomenal	Yes	No
Accept	9	80
Reject	22	535

n: 646

p: 0.0422

r: 0.08	AOS: Philosophy of Physical Science
Grounds of intentionality: interpretational	Yes	No
Accept	6	99
Reject	15	527

n: 647

p: 0.0487

r: 0.08	AOS: Epistemology
Grounds of intentionality: primitive	Yes	No
Accept	34	61
Reject	148	403

n: 646

p: 0.0489