Survey Results

Extended mind: yes or no?

Population

AOS

Region

for

Exclude answers beyond respondent's first 50

Include skip/insufficiently familiar answers

952 respondents

What the percentages mean: "Accept or lean toward P: 50% (40%)" means that 50% of respondents endorsed this answer inclusively (including multiple-answer endorsements) and 40% endorsed this answer exclusively (excluding multiple-answer endorsements).

These results should not be used for comparison to 2009 results due to different populations and parameters. For meaningful longitudinal comparisons, see the longitudinal analysis section.

Collapse accept and lean towards

Accept or lean towards:
yes

51.26% (50.95%)

Reject or lean against:
yes

0.00% (0.00%)

Accept or lean towards:
no

37.08% (36.97%)

Reject or lean against:
no

0.11% (0.00%)

Accept a combination of views

0.32%

Accept an alternative view

0.74%

The question is too unclear to answer

3.36%

There is no fact of the matter

2.00%

Agnostic/undecided

5.36%

Other

0.32%

N = 952, excluding skipped & insufficiently familiar (179 respondents)

Longitudinal comparison to 2009 survey

This question was not in the 2009 survey

Strongest correlations with main questions (target population)

r: -0.33	True contradictions: impossible
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	211	111
Reject	277	37

n: 636

p < 0.0001

r: 0.3	True contradictions: actual
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	66	256
Reject	19	295

n: 636

p < 0.0001

r: 0.29	Other minds: plants
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	46	355
Reject	14	332

n: 747

p < 0.0001

r: 0.27	Other minds: current AI systems
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	25	376
Reject	5	341

n: 747

p < 0.0001

r: -0.27	Metaontology: heavyweight realism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	86	166
Reject	131	98

n: 481

p < 0.0001

r: 0.26	True contradictions: possible but non-actual
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	25	297
Reject	7	307

n: 636

p < 0.0001

r: -0.25	Truth: correspondence
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	206	203
Reject	252	102

n: 763

p < 0.0001

r: 0.25	Values in science: necessarily value-laden
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	202	173
Reject	92	212

n: 679

p < 0.0001

r: 0.25	Morality: constructivism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	110	262
Reject	46	279

n: 697

p < 0.0001

r: 0.24	Chinese room: understands
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	110	251
Reject	46	280

n: 687

p < 0.0001

r: 0.24	Metaontology: deflationary realism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	101	149
Reject	48	181

n: 479

p < 0.0001

r: 0.24	Other minds: future AI systems
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	211	190
Reject	112	234

n: 747

p < 0.0001

r: 0.24	Gender: social
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	335	96
Reject	193	131

n: 755

p < 0.0001

r: -0.23	Consciousness: dualism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	60	291
Reject	111	207

n: 669

p < 0.0001

r: 0.23	Abortion: permissible
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	369	35
Reject	268	82

n: 754

p < 0.0001

r: -0.22	Semantic content: minimalism (no more than a few)
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	14	286
Reject	43	208

n: 551

p < 0.0001

r: -0.22	Morality: non-naturalism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	69	300
Reject	122	203

n: 694

p < 0.0001

r: 0.22	Consciousness: functionalism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	172	179
Reject	88	230

n: 669

p < 0.0001

r: -0.22	Values in science: necessarily value-free
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	50	325
Reject	85	219

n: 679

p < 0.0001

r: -0.22	Cosmological fine-tuning: design
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	28	248
Reject	69	214

n: 559

p < 0.0001

r: -0.21	Justification: nonreliabilist foundationalism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	71	254
Reject	112	174

n: 611

p < 0.0001

r: -0.21	Gender categories: preserve
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	52	300
Reject	84	207

n: 643

p < 0.0001

r: -0.21	Logic: classical
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	190	150
Reject	228	78

n: 646

p < 0.0001

r: 0.2	Causation: counterfactual/difference-making
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	150	172
Reject	89	207

n: 618

p < 0.0001

r: -0.2	Knowledge claims: invariantism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	96	294
Reject	140	203

n: 733

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Truth: deflationary
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	133	274
Reject	81	273

n: 761

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Laws of nature: Humean
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	171	250
Reject	83	272

n: 776

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Truth: epistemic
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	59	347
Reject	19	335

n: 760

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Spacetime: relationism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	141	89
Reject	82	133

n: 445

p < 0.0001

r: 0.19	Knowledge claims: contextualism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	254	138
Reject	153	191

n: 736

p < 0.0001

r: -0.18	Analytic-synthetic distinction: yes
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	267	187
Reject	287	89

n: 830

p < 0.0001

r: -0.18	Epistemic justification: internalism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	137	286
Reject	173	179

n: 775

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Mind: physicalism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	279	153
Reject	193	177

n: 802

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Semantic content: radical contextualism (most or all)
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	96	204
Reject	46	205

n: 551

p < 0.0001

r: -0.18	Gender: biological
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	120	307
Reject	131	192

n: 750

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Other minds: particles
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	10	391
Reject	6	340

n: 747

p < 0.0001

r: 0.18	Propositions: sets
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	32	241
Reject	21	251

n: 545

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Consciousness: panpsychism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	38	314
Reject	15	303

n: 670

p < 0.0001

r: -0.17	Philosophical methods: intuition-based philosophy
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	210	252
Reject	234	140

n: 836

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Gender categories: revise
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	222	129
Reject	133	159

n: 643

p < 0.0001

r: -0.17	Science: scientific realism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	331	106
Reject	324	51

n: 812

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Response to external-world skepticism: pragmatic
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	92	241
Reject	57	255

n: 645

p < 0.0001

r: 0.17	Mind uploading: survival
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	137	224
Reject	85	238

n: 684

p < 0.0001

r: -0.16	A priori knowledge: yes
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	332	124
Reject	329	60

n: 845

p < 0.0001

r: -0.16	Causation: primitive
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	56	264
Reject	87	205

n: 612

p < 0.0001

r: -0.16	Time: A-theory
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	74	205
Reject	100	175

n: 554

p: 0.0002

r: -0.16	Capital punishment: permissible
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	60	338
Reject	81	263

n: 742

p < 0.0001

r: 0.15	Quantum mechanics: many-worlds
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	63	150
Reject	27	161

n: 401

p: 0.0019

r: 0.15	Metaphilosophy: naturalism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	259	141
Reject	165	161

n: 726

p < 0.0001

r: 0.15	Perceptual experience: disjunctivism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	80	267
Reject	38	249

n: 634

p < 0.0001

r: -0.15	Mental content: internalism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	98	301
Reject	124	221

n: 744

p < 0.0001

r: -0.15	Concepts: nativism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	92	213
Reject	105	152

n: 562

p: 0.0005

r: 0.15	Meaning of life: subjective
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	182	206
Reject	106	222

n: 716

p < 0.0001

r: -0.15	Response to external-world skepticism: dogmatist
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	32	299
Reject	65	243

n: 639

p: 0.0002

r: 0.15	Philosophical methods: experimental philosophy
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	182	280
Reject	113	261

n: 836

p < 0.0001

r: 0.15	Other minds: worms
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	123	278
Reject	73	273

n: 747

p < 0.0001

r: -0.14	Properties: transcendent universals
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	42	218
Reject	77	185

n: 522

p: 0.0009

r: 0.14	Possible worlds: concrete
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	27	345
Reject	11	333

n: 716

p < 0.0001

r: 0.14	Free will: compatibilism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	315	143
Reject	232	153

n: 843

p < 0.0001

r: -0.14	Environmental ethics: anthropocentric
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	134	198
Reject	137	135

n: 604

p: 0.0004

r: 0.14	Kant: one world
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	143	122
Reject	85	124

n: 474

p: 0.0019

r: 0.14	Justification: coherentism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	98	227
Reject	62	225

n: 612

p: 0.0004

r: -0.14	Immortality: yes
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	176	225
Reject	182	153

n: 736

p: 0.0002

r: -0.14	God: theism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	71	374
Reject	98	288

n: 831

p < 0.0001

r: -0.13	Continuum hypothesis: determinate
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	66	104
Reject	75	95

n: 340

p: 0.0128

r: -0.13	Method in political philosophy: ideal theory
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	97	193
Reject	76	136

n: 502

p: 0.0026

r: -0.13	Moral judgment: cognitivism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	300	129
Reject	297	82

n: 808

p < 0.0001

r: 0.13	Properties: classes
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	39	220
Reject	22	239

n: 520

p: 0.0022

r: 0.13	Theory of reference: deflationary
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	64	244
Reject	32	242

n: 582

p: 0.0012

r: -0.13	Propositional attitudes: representational
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	151	170
Reject	156	107

n: 584

p: 0.0012

r: 0.13	Philosophical methods: conceptual engineering
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	219	243
Reject	146	228

n: 836

p < 0.0001

r: -0.13	Hume: skeptic
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	118	208
Reject	111	159

n: 596

p: 0.0012

r: -0.13	Free will: libertarianism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	75	381
Reject	93	292

n: 841

p < 0.0001

r: 0.13	Race: social
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	327	110
Reject	214	117

n: 768

p: 0.0003

r: 0.13	Metaontology: anti-realism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	41	209
Reject	24	204

n: 478

p: 0.0049

r: 0.13	Knowledge: empiricism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	232	139
Reject	152	159

n: 682

p: 0.0008

r: 0.13	Propositions: acts
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	28	245
Reject	23	249

n: 545

p: 0.003

r: -0.13	Abstract objects: Platonism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	167	238
Reject	183	171

n: 759

p: 0.0005

r: 0.13	Vagueness: metaphysical
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	98	286
Reject	59	282

n: 725

p: 0.0007

r: -0.12	Eating animals and animal products: omnivorism (yes and yes)
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	225	230
Reject	228	155

n: 838

p: 0.0003

r: 0.12	Material composition: nihilism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	18	158
Reject	15	194

n: 385

p: 0.0148

r: 0.12	Arguments for theism: pragmatic
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	66	247
Reject	37	243

n: 593

p: 0.003

r: -0.12	Hard problem of consciousness: yes
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	227	149
Reject	229	108

n: 713

p: 0.0012

r: 0.12	Cosmological fine-tuning: multiverse
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	58	217
Reject	37	247

n: 559

p: 0.0043

r: -0.12	Race categories: preserve
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	24	311
Reject	29	233

n: 597

p: 0.0034

r: -0.12	Arguments for theism: cosmological
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	65	250
Reject	87	199

n: 601

p: 0.0037

r: 0.12	Belief or credence: credence
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	95	179
Reject	78	185

n: 537

p: 0.0064

r: 0.12	Foundations of mathematics: constructivism/intuitionism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	48	169
Reject	18	167

n: 402

p: 0.0198

r: 0.12	Personal identity: psychological view
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	213	170
Reject	161	173

n: 717

p: 0.0018

r: -0.12	Theory of reference: descriptive
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	67	243
Reject	79	201

n: 590

p: 0.0049

r: 0.11	Philosophical methods: empirical philosophy
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	328	134
Reject	224	150

n: 836

p: 0.0009

r: 0.11	Response to external-world skepticism: contextualist
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	45	285
Reject	30	276

n: 636

p: 0.0045

r: -0.11	Quantum mechanics: hidden-variables
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	42	170
Reject	55	134

n: 401

p: 0.0257

r: 0.11	Analysis of knowledge: no analysis
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	134	229
Reject	104	235

n: 702

p: 0.0032

r: 0.11	Justification: reliabilism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	139	185
Reject	92	196

n: 612

p: 0.0068

r: 0.11	External world: idealism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	33	417
Reject	23	368

n: 841

p: 0.0016

r: -0.11	Race: biological
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	86	351
Reject	79	252

n: 768

p: 0.0027

r: 0.11	Consciousness: eliminativism
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	27	322
Reject	12	306

n: 667

p: 0.0055

r: 0.11	Experience machine: yes
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	82	350
Reject	41	327

n: 800

p: 0.0027

r: 0.11	Response to external-world skepticism: semantic externalist
Extended mind: yes	Accept	Reject
Accept	42	291
Reject	24	282

n: 639

p: 0.0076

Strongest correlations with demographic questions (target population)

r: -0.18	Philosopher: Aquinas
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	7	380
Reject	23	260

n: 670

p < 0.0001

r: -0.16	AOS: Metaphysics
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	91	391
Reject	130	267

n: 879

p < 0.0001

r: -0.16	Tradition: Analytic
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	395	82
Reject	360	30

n: 867

p < 0.0001

r: 0.14	Philosopher: Merleau-Ponty
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	13	374
Reject	0	283

n: 670

p: 0.0004

r: 0.13	Tradition: Other tradition
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	55	422
Reject	20	370

n: 867

p: 0.0002

r: -0.13	Gender: male
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	376	99
Reject	340	51

n: 866

p: 0.0002

r: 0.12	Gender: female
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	97	378
Reject	51	340

n: 866

p: 0.0003

r: -0.12	AOS: Philosophy of Religion
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	30	452
Reject	51	346

n: 879

p: 0.0005

r: -0.11	Philosopher: Leibniz
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	8	379
Reject	15	268

n: 670

p: 0.0037

r: 0.11	Philosopher: Hegel
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	19	368
Reject	3	280

n: 670

p: 0.0047

r: 0.11	AOS: Social and Political Philosophy
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	74	408
Reject	38	359

n: 879

p: 0.0013

r: -0.11	Philosopher: Descartes
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	10	377
Reject	21	262

n: 670

p: 0.0052

r: 0.11	AOS: Continental Philosophy
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	33	449
Reject	9	388

n: 879

p: 0.0017

r: -0.1	Philosopher: Aristotle
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	63	324
Reject	62	221

n: 670

p: 0.0069

r: 0.1	Philosopher: Beauvoir
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	11	376
Reject	1	282

n: 670

p: 0.0074

r: -0.1	Philosopher: Russell
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	24	363
Reject	31	252

n: 670

p: 0.0075

r: -0.1	Region of affiliation: United States
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	254	231
Reject	248	149

n: 882

p: 0.003

r: 0.1	AOS: Feminist Philosophy
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	27	455
Reject	8	389

n: 879

p: 0.0032

r: -0.1	Region of PhD: United States
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	223	134
Reject	224	83

n: 664

p: 0.0117

r: 0.1	Philosopher: Arendt
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	6	381
Reject	0	283

n: 670

p: 0.0135

r: -0.09	AOS: Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	9	473
Reject	20	377

n: 879

p: 0.0063

r: 0.09	Philosopher: Kant
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	59	328
Reject	29	254

n: 670

p: 0.0186

r: 0.09	Region of PhD: Oceania
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	26	331
Reject	11	296

n: 664

p: 0.0197

r: 0.09	Philosopher: Quine
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	45	342
Reject	22	261

n: 670

p: 0.0197

r: -0.09	Philosopher: Moore
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	8	379
Reject	19	264

n: 670

p: 0.0233

r: 0.09	Tradition: Continental
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	27	450
Reject	10	380

n: 867

p: 0.0108

r: 0.08	Philosopher: Spinoza
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	14	373
Reject	5	278

n: 670

p: 0.0306

r: 0.08	AOS: Applied Ethics
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	68	414
Reject	38	359

n: 879

p: 0.0136

r: -0.08	Philosopher: Plato
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	15	372
Reject	22	261

n: 670

p: 0.0315

r: 0.08	AOS: Philosophy of Social Science
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	27	455
Reject	10	387

n: 879

p: 0.0137

r: 0.08	Philosopher: Rorty
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	5	382
Reject	0	283

n: 670

p: 0.0319

r: -0.08	AOS: Ancient Greek and Roman Philosophy
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	12	470
Reject	26	371

n: 879

p: 0.0187

r: 0.07	AOS: Asian Philosophy
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	17	465
Reject	3	394

n: 879

p: 0.029

r: -0.07	Region of nationality: United States
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	216	235
Reject	213	163

n: 827

p: 0.046

r: 0.07	AOS: Philosophy of the Americas
Extended mind: yes	Yes	No
Accept	5	477
Reject	1	396

n: 879

p: 0.0415